15.  LAW OF GEOECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION 

 « The specific topographical distribution (microdistribution) of an ecotypic plant species or of a plant community is a parallel function of its general geographical distribution (macrodistribution), since both are determined by the same ecological amplitudes and ultimately by uniform physiological requirements. »  (Boyko 1947)

16.  LAW OF CLIMATIC STRESS  

It is at the level of exchange between the organism and the environment (microbiosphere) that the stress is felt which eventually cannot be overcome and which will establish a geographic boundary.

17. LAW OF BIOLOGICAL SPECTRA

Life-form distribution is a characteristic of regional floras which can be correlated to climatic conditions of the present as well of the past.

18.  LAW OF VEGETATION REGIME

Under a similar climate, in different parts of the world, a similar structural-physiognomic-functional response can be induced in the vegetation, irrespective of floristic affinities and/or historical connections.

19.  LAW OF ZONAL EQUIVALENCE

Where climatic gradients are essentially similar, the latitudinal and altitudinal zonation and cliseral shifts of plant formations also tend to be; where floristic history is essentially identical, plant communities will also be similar.